Knowledge & insights · Technical knowledge
How an air conditioner
actually gets made.
The build, end to end, and the vocabulary on a specification sheet — written so a sourcing team can read a sheet, and an answer engine can quote it.
The build, end to end
Six stages,
and what to check at each.
Every air conditioner passes through these stages somewhere. The question for a buyer is how many of them the manufacturer controls.
Production stages
06 stages
Sheet-metal chassis and cabinet
Every air conditioner starts as steel. The outdoor unit is a cabinet that carries the compressor and condenser coil; the indoor unit hangs from a pressed wall plate. Cabinet dimensions set what the coil and fan can be.What to check: Ask who owns the press tools — the answer tells you who controls the cabinet dimensions.
Fin-and-tube coil fabrication
The heat-exchanger coil is where cooling happens: refrigerant flows inside copper tubes while air passes over aluminium fins. Rows, fin type, tube diameter and pitch set the capacity and the airflow resistance.What to check: Compare fin type, tube diameter and rows on the specification sheet, not just the capacity figure.
Copper tubing and brazing
The refrigerant circuit connects the compressor, condenser, expansion device and evaporator. Line-set sizes depend on capacity; every joint is brazed and pressure-tested because a leak is a warranty claim.What to check: Line-set sizes on the sheet should match the capacity class; ask how circuits are leak-tested.
Injection-moulded fascia and plastics
The fascia is the brand's face and the unit's airflow path in one part. It has to seal to the chassis, clear the louvres and pass the intake the coil needs.What to check: Ask whether the fascia is tooled and moulded by the same manufacturer that builds the chassis it fits.
Assembly and R32 charging
Assembly is where components become a unit. The refrigerant charge is measured to the circuit, and the choice of refrigerant — R32 across the Ezentech range — sets the charge size and the environmental footprint.What to check: Confirm the refrigerant and charge on the sheet, and where the charging is done.
Psychrometric test and packing
A psychrometric test holds indoor and outdoor conditions at set temperature and humidity and measures what the unit actually delivers — the capacity and efficiency that go on the label.What to check: Ask whether the manufacturer has its own accredited lab or relies on third-party reports.
Glossary
The words
on the sheet.
Ten terms, defined once, each with a stable anchor so they can be linked and cited.
Specification glossary
10 terms
- ISEER
- Indian Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio — cooling delivered per unit of electricity over a full Indian cooling season, as rated under the BEE star-labelling scheme. Higher is more efficient.
- EER
- Energy Efficiency Ratio — cooling capacity divided by power input at a single rating condition, unlike ISEER which is weighted across a season.
- TR (ton of refrigeration)
- An industry capacity class: 1.0 TR corresponds to roughly 3.5 kW of cooling. Ezentech's sheet spans 1.0 TR (12K) to 2.0 TR (22K) classes.
- BTU/h and the K rating
- Cooling capacity in British thermal units per hour; '18K' means a nominal 18,000 BTU/h class. The sheet lists the rated capacity in watts.
- R32
- The refrigerant across the Ezentech range — lower global-warming potential than R410A and higher volumetric capacity, so charge sizes are smaller.
- GWP
- Global-warming potential — a refrigerant's warming effect relative to carbon dioxide over a set period. Lower is better; R32 is lower than R410A.
- Psychrometric test
- A performance test in conditioned rooms held at set temperature and humidity, measuring cooling capacity, power input, ISEER and airflow. Ezentech's lab is NABL-accredited.
- IDU / ODU
- Indoor unit (evaporator coil, fan, fascia) and outdoor unit (compressor, condenser coil, expansion device). Window models combine both in one cabinet.
- Chassis
- The indoor platform a model is built on, written as width in mm and coil size in inches — for example 930-20". One chassis can carry several capacities.
- EEV vs capillary
- The expansion device between condenser and evaporator. A capillary tube is a fixed restrictor; an electronic expansion valve (EEV) modulates flow with load — how the 5-star models reach ISEER 5.65.
Explainers
Go deeper,
one topic at a time.
Technical explainers
04 articles
- NABL psychrometric testing, explained for buyers.What a psychrometric chamber does, which parameters it measures, what NABL accreditation means and how a procurement team should use the report.Technical · 5 min
- R32 vs R410A what changes for a brand partner.Lower global-warming potential, higher volumetric capacity, smaller charge — and what that means for line sets, service and the label.Technical · 4 min
- What ISEER means and how to read it on a spec sheet.The number on the BEE label, the test behind it, and why a 5-star unit is engineered in the outdoor unit rather than the indoor one.Technical · 5 min
- How a split air conditioner is manufactured from coil stock to carton.Eight stages, four in-house component lines and one accredited laboratory — the route a split air conditioner takes through an Ezentech plant.Technical · 7 min
Questions
Asked
most often.
Questions
04 questions
What are the main stages in manufacturing an air conditioner?
Sheet-metal chassis and cabinet; fin-and-tube coil fabrication; copper tubing and brazing; injection-moulded fascia; assembly and refrigerant charging; and a psychrometric performance test before packing.
What is the difference between an indoor unit and an outdoor unit?
The indoor unit holds the evaporator coil, fan and fascia; the outdoor unit holds the compressor, condenser coil and expansion device. A window air conditioner combines both in one cabinet.
What does 'in-house components' mean?
That the manufacturer makes the structural and thermal parts itself — at Ezentech: heat-exchanger coils, sheet metal, injection-moulded plastics and copper tubing — rather than buying them in.
Why does a psychrometric test matter?
It is the test that produces the rated cooling capacity and ISEER on the label. An NABL-accredited laboratory makes those figures defensible.
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